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Culture and arts
Culture and arts
Between the thirteenth and nineteenth century, Baltic Germans, many of whom were originally of non-German ancestry but had been assimilated into German culture, formed the upper class.[citation needed] They developed a distinct cultural heritage, characterised by both Latvian and German influences.
It has survived in German Baltic families to this day, in spite of their dispersal to Germany, the USA, Canada and other countries in the early 20th century.
However, most indigenous Latvians did not participate in this particular cultural life.[citation needed] Thus, the mostly peasant local pagan heritage was preserved, partly merging with Christian traditions, for example in one of the most popular celebrations today which is Jāņi, a pagan celebration of the summer solstice, celebrated on the feast day of St.
John the Baptist.
In the nineteenth century Latvian nationalist movements emerged promoting Latvian culture and encouraging Latvians to take part in cultural activities.
The nineteenth century and beginning of the twentieth century is often regarded as a classical era of Latvian culture.
Posters show the influence of other European cultures, for example, works of artists such as the Baltic-German artist Bernhard Borchert and the French Raoul Dufy.[citations needed] With the onset of World War II, many Latvian artists and other members of the cultural elite fled the country yet continued to produce their work, largely for a Latvian émigré audience.
After incorporation into the USSR, Latvian artists and writers were forced to follow the Socialist realism style of art.
During the Soviet era, music became increasingly popular, with the most popular being songs from the 1980s.
At this time, songs often made fun of the characteristics of Soviet life and were concerned about preserving Latvian identity.
This aroused popular protests against the USSR and also gave rise to an increasing popularity of poetry.
Since independence, theatre, scenography and classical music have become the most notable branches of Latvian culture.[citations needed] .
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Source: CIA Factbook, Wikipedia
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